Remember when recycling, re-using, re-conditioning, refurbishing, and revitalizing were the
environmental buzzwords? It started a long time ago when families were recycling vegetable scraps to feed their chickens or to make a compost pile to renurture the soil. Then soft drink and beer bottles were recycled, and then cans. Government offices and businesses installed boxes to recycle paper.
Now
urban mining is the introduced concept to handle recycling in a rapidly changing
technological age. Urban mining generally refers to the resources in cities that
can be recycled and reused. It includes virtually everything, but most often
refers to small electrical and electronic items, such as phones, laptops,
i-pads, and the like. It can also refer to large structures, such as buildings.
Where
old computers and electronics were gathered in cities and shipped to developing
countries to be used by communities – thus recycling the items – they are more
likely now to be collected for separation and re-use within the city they
originated from. Sorting outdated and abandoned technological equipment so that
the valuable metals and materials can be recycled is becoming more popular.
This type of mining reduces costs in the city of origin and saves on transportation
costs to ship them elsewhere. The extraction of metals and chemicals for clean
use has long term positive impacts on the environment, but it is still in its
infancy.
Mining
equates to exploration and extraction, as well as prospecting for worthy and
useful minerals. Urban mining is exactly that, as well as recycling, but it is
also much more. Companies are being urged to think about the life of a product,
and its reuse or multiple use, at the design stage. Can the product be broken
down safely into individual substances? Is it sustainable?
And
it applies to chemicals and by-products and waste, and not merely to the hard
shell of a product, or its metals (such as gold, copper etc.). Urban water –
kitchen and bathroom and cooking water – can be “mined” or recycled for further
use. So can steam, and gas, and chemicals, and waste (just like worm castings
can be reused in the garden, manufacturing and production waste can be
considered for reuse). All forms of energy are also being included into the
concept of urban mining. Everything from bones to feathers, from paper to
plastic, from metals to manure, from eggshells to human hair, can all be
considered as part of urban mining. So urban mining is more than electronic
recycling, it encompasses a holistic approach to sustainable living.
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