Depression across European countries: 2014 study

Across European countries 6.8% of adults over the age of 18 reported experiencing depression or depressive symptoms in 2014, with 2.9% saying that their symptoms are major.

Depression or depressive symptoms are defined as persistent sadness, a loss of interest in activities that are usually enjoyed, and an inability to conduct regular daily activities. According to the United Nations health agency, depression is the leading cause of functional disabilty worldwide.

The 2014 study showed that the countries with the largest share of the population reporting depressive symptoms were: Hungary (10.5%), Portugal (10.4%), and Sweden (9.0%). Depressive symptoms are least reported in the Czech Republic (3.2%) and Slovakia (3.5%).

Women seem to be more affected than men, or self-report depressive symptoms more than men. In the study 7.9% of women in the EU reported experiencing depressive symptoms compared to 5.5% of men.

Higher levels of education seem to be tied to lower rates of depressive symptoms. The rate for the population with only primary or secondary education was more than double the rate of the population with tertiary education. People in lower income countries reported experiencing depressive symptoms triple the rate of people in higher income countries.

People over the age of 18 reporting depressive symptoms were represented as follows: Czech Republic (3.2%), Slovakia (3.5%), Croatia (3.9%), Lithuania (4.0%), Italy (4.2%), Greece (4.3%), Cyprus (4.5%), Latvia (4.5%), Romania (4.5%), Austria (4.7%), Finland (4.9%), Poland (5.2%), Slovenia (5.2%), Malta (5.5%), Ireland (5.7%), Denmark (6.2%), Norway (6.2%), Turkey (6.8%), Spain (6.8%), and Estonia (6.8%) – the EU average is 6.8%. Countries higher than the EU average include France (7.1%), Bulgaria (8.0%), United Kingdom (8.1%), Germany (8.2%), Luxembourg (8.2%), Iceland (8.5%), Sweden (9.0%), Portugal (10.4%), and Hungary (10.5%).

Artwork (above) by Zurab Tsereteli

MARTINA NICOLLS is an international aid and development consultant, and the author of:- The Shortness of Life: A Mongolian Lament (2015), Liberia’s Deadest Ends (2012), Bardot’s Comet (2011), Kashmir on a Knife-Edge (2010) and The Sudan Curse (2009).

Comments

2016 update on Rike Park, Tbilisi: from construction to busy park

From a flat patch of uninteresting dirt, Rike Park in Tbilisi, Georgia, has transformed in four years (from 2014-2016) into a busy park full of trees, flower beds, sculptures, fountains, and events. Rike (Rikhe) Park is on the left bank of the Mt’k’vari River (the Kura River) near the Old City of Tbilisi. The Peace Bridge links the right bank to Rike Park. Rike Park is below the hillside Presidential Palace and, via cable car, it is the starting point for the ride to Sololaki Ridge (with the Narikala Fortress and the Mother of Georgia statue). The glass box-shaped cable car terminus was opened on 23 June 2012, and since then the park has continually developed into a ‘people’s park’ where people can walk around, eat at the nearby restaurants, sit next to the statue of American president Ronald Reagan, climb the steps to Avlabari district, and access the sights of Meidan Square, the Peace Bridge, the Metekhi Church, the Old City, the waterfall, the sulphur baths, and t...

Pir-E-Kamil - The Perfect Mentor by Umera Ahmed: book review

The Perfect Mentor pbuh (2011) is set in Lahore and Islamabad in Pakistan. The novel commences with Imama Mubeen in medical university. She wants to be an eye specialist. Her parents have arranged for her to marry her first cousin Asjad. Salar Sikander, her neighbour, is 18 years old with an IQ of 150+ and a photographic memory. He has long hair tied in a ponytail. He imbibes alcohol, treats women disrespectfully and is generally a “weird chap” and a rude, belligerent teenager. In the past three years he has tried to commit suicide three times. He tries again. Imama and her brother, Waseem, answer the servant’s call to help Salar. They stop the bleeding from his wrist and save his life. Imama and Asjad have been engaged for three years, because she wants to finish her studies first. Imama is really delaying her marriage to Asjad because she loves Jalal Ansar. She proposes to him and he says yes. But he knows his parents won’t agree, nor will Imama’s parents. ...

Hop on hop off bus tourism comes to Tbilisi, Georgia

City Sightseeing buses have arrived in Tbilisi. The iconic red double-decker buses, a feature of many cities around the world since the company was established in Seville, Spain in 1999, is now in six continents and almost 100 cities. The company established its Tbilisi business in November 2013, with its operations commencing in February 2014. The 90-minute tour stops at 11 major locations in Tbilisi (with 2 to 5 minute waiting times at each location): the Old City (where it commences), Freedom Square, Rose Revolution Square, Marjanishvili Square, the Dry Bridge, Konka, Avlabari, Metekhi, Akhundov Museum, the Sulfur Baths, and European Square. Passengers can hop off at any stop and see the sights, hopping back onto the next bus at any time. Alternatively, passengers can remain on the bus for the whole tour and take photographs when the bus stops at each location. There are one day (24-hour) passes (for 35 lari – about $20) and 48-hour passes for 55 lari, with family d...

FEAST OR FAMINE

Search This Blog