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Residence permits to the European Union - how many were issued in 2014?




In 2014 there were slightly less first residence permits to the European Union issued than in 2013. Last year 2.3 million residence permits to the EU were issued to non-EU citizens, down by 2.2% on 2013 figures (Finchannel.com, October 26, 2015). The decline was due to the decline in people seeking ‘employment reasons.’

In 2014 almost a third (29.5%) of first residence permits were issued for family reasons, 24.8% for employment, 25.0% for other reasons, and 20.7% for education reasons.

Half of the permits were issued in the United Kingdom, Poland, and Germany. In the United Kingdom 567,800 residence permits were issued (24.6% of all permits). It was followed by Poland (355,400 or 15.4%), Germany (237,600 or 10.3%), France (218,300 or 9.5%), Italy (204,300 or 8.9%), and Spain (188,600 or 8.2%). These six EU Member States accounted for around 75% of all first residence permits issued in 2014.

Compared with country population figures, the highest rates of first residence permits issued in 2014 were in Malta (23.2 permits per thousand population), Cyprus (16.2), Sweden (11.1), Poland (9.4), and the United Kingdom (8.8).

Poland was significantly the main destination for employment permits (206,200 permits). United Kingdom was the main destination for education permits (177,200 permits). Combined Italy and Spain were the main destinations for family permits (around 100,000 permits), followed by United Kingdom (96,500), Fance (92,100), and Germany (91,700).

Where did they come from? In 2014 most citizens who received EU residence permits were from Ukraine (302,800 or 13.1%) followed by the United States (199,200 or 8.6%), China (169,700 or 7.4%), and India (134,900 or 5.8%). These four countries accounted for almost a third of residence permits issued. Ukrainians benefited most from employment permits (68.2%), and so did Indians (40.5%). Chinese (59.4%) and Brazilians (46.4%) benefited most from education permits. Moroccans (66.6%), Turks (48.6%), and Russians (34.8%) benefited most from family permits.


Of the 302,800 Ukrainians granted permits in the EU more than 80% went to Poland. Of the 199,200 American citizens granted residence permits in the EU almost 70% went to the United Kingdom. Of the 169,700 Chinese citizens granted residence permits in the EU almost 45% also went to the United Kingdom.

MARTINA NICOLLS is an international aid and development consultant, and the author of:- The Shortness of Life: A Mongolian Lament (2015), Liberia’s Deadest Ends (2012), Bardot’s Comet (2011), Kashmir on a Knife-Edge (2010) and The Sudan Curse (2009).
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