Gender & age: teachers in European Union Member States

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In 2013 there were 8.3 million teachers in European Union Member States in pre-primary, primary, secondary and tertiary schooling – 70% (5.8 million were women) and 36% were 50 years old or older (2.9 million).

The most female teachers were in Estonia (88.2%), Latvia (83.2%), and Lithuania (81.2%). Greece and Spain had the least percentage of female teachers (62.9% and 63.9% respectively).

Pre-primary grades had 95.1% of female teachers, according to Finchannel.com (October 5, 2015). The only countries with less than 95% of female teachers in pre-primary were France (83.0%), the Netherlands (86.6%), and the United Kingdom (90.0%). Ten EU Member States exceeded 99% of female pre-primary teachers – Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Estonia, Cyprus, Latvia, Lithuania, Hungary, Malta, Romania, and Slovakia.

Primary schools had 85.2% of female teachers. The largest proportions of female teachers were in Lithuania and Slovenia (both 97.1%), followed by the Czech Republic (96.8%), Italy (95.9%), and Hungary (95.6%). The lowest percentages of primary schools with female staff were in Greece (69.9%), Spain (75.9%), Luxembourg (76.0%), and Sweden (77.0%).

Secondary schools had 64.0% of female teachers. Secondary schools had the highest percentage of teachers aged 50 or older (39.2%) – male and female combined.

At tertiary level there were 41.0% of female teachers. The only EU Member States where female teachers had parity with male staff were Latvia (56.3% females), Lithuania (55.5%) and Finland (50.7%). Of all teachers at tertiary level, male and female, 36% were 50 years or older.

Teachers under 30 years represented only 10% of all teachers (820,000), whereas 36% of all teachers were 50 years or older. The largest proportion of teaching staff in 2013 who were aged 50 or older were in Italy (61.9%), Bulgaria (47.7%), Estonia (43.1%), Lithuania (42.1%), Sweden (41.7%), Latvia (41.2%), and Greece (40.1%). Secondary and tertiary teachers were predominantly aged 50 years or older in all EU Member States, except Greece, Malta, Romania, and Sweden.

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